MongoDB Tutorial

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Course Contents

MongoDB Fundamentals

• MongoDB Introduction
• Installing MongoDB
• SQL vs MongoDB: A Mental Model Shift
• Databases, Collections, and Documents
• The mongosh Shell
• MongoDB Atlas (Cloud) Get Started

Documents and BSON

• The Document Data Model
• BSON vs JSON
• Data Types in MongoDB
• The _id Field and ObjectId
• Embedded Documents and Arrays

Inserting Data

• insertOne
• insertMany
• Schema Flexibility (and Its Tradeoffs)
• Ordered vs Unordered Inserts

Querying Data

• find and findOne
• Query Operators ($eq, $gt, $lt, $in)
• Logical Operators ($and, $or, $not)
• Querying Embedded Documents and Arrays
• Projection: Selecting Fields
• sort, limit, and skip
• Counting Documents

Updating and Deleting Data

• updateOne and updateMany
• Update Operators ($set, $inc, $unset)
• Array Update Operators ($push, $pull, $addToSet)
• upsert
• deleteOne and deleteMany
• findOneAndUpdate and findOneAndDelete

Indexes

• Why Indexes Matter
• Creating Indexes
• Compound Indexes
• Unique Indexes
• Text Indexes and Text Search
• Using explain() to Analyze Queries

The Aggregation Framework

• Aggregation Pipeline Introduction
• $match and $project
• $group and Accumulators
• $sort, $limit, and $skip in Pipelines
• $lookup: Joining Collections
• $unwind
• Building a Multi-Stage Aggregation Pipeline

Schema Design

• Schema Design Principles in MongoDB
• Embedding vs Referencing
• One-to-Many Relationships
• Many-to-Many Relationships
• Designing for Your Query Patterns

Data Validation

• Schema Validation with $jsonSchema
• Validation Levels and Actions
• Enforcing Required Fields and Types

Transactions and Consistency

• ACID Transactions in MongoDB
• Multi-Document Transactions
• Read and Write Concerns
• Atomicity at the Document Level

MongoDB with Node.js

• Connecting to MongoDB from Node.js
• The MongoDB Node.js Driver: CRUD
• Using Mongoose: Schemas and Models
• Mongoose Validation and Middleware
• Connection Pooling in Node.js

Replication and High Availability

• Replica Sets Explained
• Primary, Secondary, and Elections
• Read Preference
• Failover in Practice

Sharding and Scaling

• Sharding Concepts
• Choosing a Shard Key
• How Queries Route Across Shards
• When You Actually Need Sharding

Security and Administration

• MongoDB Authentication
• Role-Based Access Control
• Connection Strings and Security
• Backup and Restore (mongodump/mongorestore)
• Monitoring MongoDB Performance

Best Practices and Troubleshooting

• MongoDB Performance Best Practices
• Common MongoDB Mistakes
• Debugging Slow Queries
• Data Modeling Anti-Patterns
• MongoDB Command Reference